Among all the environmental elements, temperature has the biggest effect on battery performance. The electrochemical reaction on the electrode/electrolyte interface is connected to the temperature. The electrode/electrolyte interface is considered the heart of the battery.

● If the temperature gets lower, the reaction rate of the electrode also gets lower.

● If the battery voltage keeps invariable, the discharge current becomes lower, and also the power output will be reduced.

● If the temperature goes up, the condition is reversed. That is, the battery’s power output will increase.

● The temperature will also affect the speed of the transmission of the electrolyte.

● If the temperature goes up, the speed of transmission will be faster.

● If the temperature goes down, the speed of transmission will be slower.